Every second year a Focal Theme is announced for the CSC. The children are expected to carry out projects related to the Focal Theme and the identified sub-theme. Activity Guide books are available to guide teachers and the child scientists. The teachers/guides receive special orientation on the theme of the CSC every year at various levels.

The Focal themes:

1993	Know Your Environment
1994 & 95	Clean-Up India
1996 & 97	India of our Dreams - Lets go for it
1998 & 99	Nature - Let us Conserve, Share, and Care
2000 & 2001	Indigenous scientific knowledge for better tomorrow
2002 & 2003	Food systems - Towards nutrition for all
2004 & 2005	Harness water resource for better future
2006 & 2007	Biodiversity - Nurture nature for our future
2008 & 2009	Planet Earth : Explore, Share and Conserve
2010 & 2011	Land Resources : Use for prosperity, Save for posterity
2012 & 2013	Energy : Explore, Harness and Conserve
2014 & 2015	Understanding weather and climate
2016 & 2017	Science Technology and Innovation for Clean, Green and Healthy Environment